Análise da rentabilidade económica da pesca artesanal das famílias do distrito de Marracuene no período 2009-2013

Abstract

The present study analyzes the Economic Profitability of Artisanal Fisheries of the families of the district of Marracuene in the period from 2009 to 2013. The field research comprised three (3) main techniques: questionnaire application, semi-structured interviews, and direct non-participant observation participant, and a total of 42 fishermen (12 trawlers and 30 bottom trawlers), distributed among the fishing communities, were surveyed. fundo), distributed throughout the fishing communities of Marracuene Sede, Macaneta, and Mutanhane. The study concluded that artisanal fisheries are characterized by the use of family labor (60.71%), for (60.71%), in addition to the use of neighbors and close friends Small boats (Canoas and Chatas, 3 to 7 meters long) made of wood and palm branches The boats are made of wood and palm branches, propelled by rowing and sailing, and have a useful life span between 3 and 6 years. O production process of artisanal fishing comprises four (4) main phases: In the first phase phase is to obtain and equip the production equipment; phase two is to catch the fish In the second phase is the capture of the fish; In the third phase is the categorization of the fish; In the fourth and last phase is the commercialization of the the fish commercialization process is inserted. The cost evaluation indicated that trawl gear had the highest production costs throughout the period under analysis, with an average total cost of total average cost of 90,073.45 Mt for the capture of 98.21 tons, against 44,127.99 MT for the bottom gillnet gear on a catch of 70.06 tons, equivalent to a unit unit cost of 917.15 MT/ton and 629.86 MT/ton, respectively. The average total revenue for the bottom trawl fishermen was 224,146.45 Mt and 216,368.90 Mt for the trawl fishermen, while the average total profit was 180,018.46 Mt for the bottom trawl fishery, and 126,368.90 Mt for the trawl fishery. 126,295.45 Mt for trawling. The indicators of economic profitability showed the following results: The benefit/cost ratio (BWR) illustrated that each metical applied by the Emalhe fundo fishermen generated a benefit of five meticais, while in trawling generated two meticais and forty seven cents; Gross Margin (GM) indicated a gross profit of 56.00% for the fishermen of Emalhe fundo and 44.00% for those of trawlers; The ROI illustrated that each metical invested by the deep sea fishermen provides a return of three meticais provides a return of three meticals and twenty-two cents, versus one metical and eighteen cents for trawlers. (TRADUÇAO NOSSA)