Aspectos do sistema de organização da rede sanitária colonial na região Sul do Save, 1960 -1974: problemas e perspectivas

Abstract

The study, descriptive of institutional and social history, addresses some aspects that show the evolution of the system of organization of the colonial health network in the South of Save region, between 1960 and 1974. Starting from some premises and based on written and oral sources, the analysis traces a retrospective of the health system and highlights the main moments that characterized it, especially the influence of political-ideological, socio-economic and cultural factors. On the other hand, it shows that the particular colonial interests and the correlation of forces in the region were decisive, both in the geographic location and in the definition of the health profile of the populations. In implementing the objectives outlined, it appears that economic, human and material constraints made some actions unfeasible, especially the component of extending the health network in the area. These constraints were exacerbated by the discriminatory nature of the colonial health policy, which in many cases inhibited the possibility of access for the most disadvantaged populations. In the context of the scope of health actions, the study highlights the relative failure to comply with some WHO resolutions, especially those referring to public health. Indeed, during the period studied, it appears that the prophylactic and/or immunization measures in many cases were in practice insignificant and/or quite limited. To balance the poor coverage offered by the state, the contribution made by missionary institutions is highlighted, with greater impact on rural areas, mostly inhabited by indigenous populations. These, due to the limited coverage of the health network, often had to use other traditional forms of medicine for the prevention and treatment of diseases. The main strengths of the study show not only the inadequacy of the state health structure of that period, but also highlight the need for interconnection of factors, as an essential condition for the success of a modern health system, that is, promoting and capable of involving the community. in solving health problems (TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)