Técnicas de diagnóstico de enterobactérias patogênicas isoladas em material biológico no laboratório de análises clínicas do Hospital Central de Maputo

Abstract

This internship report was developed in the Laboratory of Clinical Analyses of the Maputo Central Hospital, Microbiology Sector, Bacteriology Section, from May to August 2007. Its main objective was to identify the most frequent species of pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae in urine samples related to age, sex and origin of the sample, having also performed antibiotic sensitivity tests for the identified bacteria. E. coli was found to be the most frequent in the urine samples with 69%, followed by K. pneumoniae with 24%, Proteus sp with 4% and finally Enerobacter spp and C. freundii, both with 2%. E. coli and K. pneumoniae species were more frequent in males aged between 0-8 years. Regarding the provenance of the samples, it was found that both bacteria were more frequent in samples coming from the wards, with a percentage of 86.8% for E. coli and 53.8% for K. pneumoniae. In the antibiotic sensitivity test, E. coli, K. pneumoniae and Proteus spp bacteria showed sensitivity to nitrofurantoin, ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid and gentamicin. The Enierobacter spp species showed sensitivity only to ciprofloxacin and gentamicin, while Citrobacter freundii showed sensitivity only to nitrofurantoin. Bacterial resistance to the antimicrobials ampicillin and Sulfamethoxazole was observed for all bacteria. Additional analyses for possible discussions were performed on stool, sputum, cerebrospinal fluid and blood samples. In sputum samples K. Pneumoniae was the only enterobacteria found. In cerebrospinal fluid and stools E. coli was the most frequent bacterium found. In blood samples, Salmonella spp and K. Pneumoniae.