Detecção e identificação molecular de tripanossomas nas Glossinas da Reserva Especial de Maputo

Abstract

Tsetse flies (genus Glossina), cyclically transmit pathogenic protozoa of the genus Trypanosoma. In Africa, there are 11 different species of pathogenic trypanosomes. These trypanosomes cause diseases called trypanosomoses. Mozambique is one of 37 African countries affected by trypanosomoses as part of a vast teritory inhabited by the disease vector tse-tsés flies (Glossina spp) - the tse-tsé belt. The accurate identification of trypanosomes is essential for accessing the risk of trypanosomoses, and one of the ways of achieving this goal is the identification of trypanosomes within tsetse flies. The detection and identification of trypanosome species in glossines from the Maputo Special Reserve, was carried out through the use of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The Polymerase Chain Reaction is an in vitro technique that allows the amplification of specific deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequences. Two hundred and one Glossines were captured using pitfall traps and car prowls. The predominant glossine species found was G. brevipalpis (186) and the other species was G. austeni (15). The 201 glossins were used for the detection and identification of trypanosomes with ITS1 cf/br primers. PCR allowed the identification of 15 of the infected glossins, 14 (2 females and 12 males) of the species G. brevipalpis and 1 (females) of the species G. austeni. The infection rate of R.E.M. glossines by trypanosomes was 7.5% for G. brevipalpis and 6.7% for G. austeni. The infection rate for both glossine species was 7.46%. The trypanosome species found were T. brucei brucei (66.7%) and T. vivax (33.3%).(TRADUÇAO NOSSA)