Da experiência e ideologia: base de conhecimento na produção e legitimação das políticas públicas na história do Ensino Superior em Moçambique 1962-2012

Abstract

We carried out this work with the aim of analyzing the knowledge base that informed the production and legitimation of legislation and public policies on higher education in the history of Mozambique from 1962 to 2012, covering the colonial, solicialist to neoliberal periods. We assume as a postulate that the discourses around teaching in the country originate from knowledge resulting from daily personal and professional experiences. With reference to the perspective of the sociology of knowledge operationalized from the contributions of Mannheim (1982) and Foucault (1972), we carried out a qualitative research basically complemented by the method of archeology of knowledge, which enabled us to produce documentary and bibliographic data, collected through of documentary and bibliographic surveys. The results achieved show that legislation and PP on higher education in Mozambique have evolved over time in quantitative and qualitative terms. In the colonial period, through a single law, the first higher education institution in the country was created, inspired by the Portuguese university experience, in the socialist period, the first education strategy in general and higher education in particular were conceived, giving rise to more educational institutions. In the neoliberal period, more legislation and public policies were created, making room for private higher education institutions. In the three periods, empirical knowledge based on ideological, political, social, economic and, rarely, cultural factors informed the production and legitimation of legislation and public policies on higher education. We conclude that in the history of Mozambique, the creation and functioning of higher education has always been subject to the conditioning of each period, being subject to meeting the interests of actors who tend to dominate the political and economic arena.