Superação dos efeitos das variações monetárias nas demonstrações financeiras

Abstract

Accounting, as a system, is a complex of rules and technical procedures closely related to each other, which are intended to enable an effective control of the patrimonial elements and to provide the company's management with information regarding the patrimonial, financial situation and the results obtained. “The people responsible for the company's operations need the information produced by accounting to help them in the decision-making process and as a tool to inform third parties of the patrimonial state and its changes, as a result of business management” (Braga: 1990; 25) . The company's management finds in the financial statements a primary source in relation to the company's current situation, so the efficiency of the company's accounting information system is fundamental for the analysis of financial statements, since the more deficient the system is accounting, the lower the degree of reliability of the information contained in its financial statements. The measurement instrument used in accounting is the currency that, not being stable in the face of inflation in the economy, will imply a gap between the book value and the market value. In an inflationary economy, the question that arises is the measurement of the effects of inflation on the company's equity and results. Mozambican legislation requires the accounting of operations at their historical cost, not reflecting the effects of inflation on the company's accounts, distorting the information provided by the financial statements that fail to represent the economic and financial reality and their results are totally out of step.