Gestão comercial de actividades não aeronáuticas na empresa ADM, E.P. : caso do Aeroporto de Maputo

Abstract

The importance of developing Non-Aeronautical activities has determined the level of services provided by Airports, which have become commercial centers and sometimes exceed the actual size of a city. Currently, consumers (Airport users) can purchase almost anything at Airports - from newspaper to vehicle, diamonds and pearls or toothpaste. This just requires good design, sociological insight and some offering. The phrase “shopping at the airport” meant a little more than purchasing alcohol, cigarettes and perfume at prices lower than those charged in cities – and travel as the only means of managing it. After a few decades, marketing has developed away from those magic words “duty free1” or “tax2”. Now big names from cities have entered Airports, and bonus schemes encourage shoppers to make a variety of purchases inside the terminals. “Commercial activities constitute the largest source of revenue at 132 International Airports listed by the (ICAO/International Civil Aviation Organization). Data collected by this organization indicate that the airports surveyed collect an average of 35% of operating income from commercial activities. According to the same data, the highest portion is 50% for North American Airports, 30% for European Airports and about 25% for the rest (OACI circular 142. 1979:28)”. At Aeroportos de Moçambique, E.P. (ADM, E.P.), Non-Aeronautical activities reach a portion of 2 to 10% of global income, well below the 25% minimum recommended by the ICAO ( Aeroporto,1999:8). The poor development and management of Non-Aeronautical activities, which could be an alternative to increase income and the coverage of expenses not directly linked to airport operations, were the motivation for carrying out this work. The results of the study will allow ADM, E.P. to have theoretical and practical management tools to, subsequently, reduce funding and public subsidies, the operating costs of airlines, as these are based on airport costs. Also, increase passenger satisfaction, reduce the risk of dependence on aeronautical revenues and increase the airport's attractiveness. 1 Duty Free - refers to specialized stores for the sale of products/services to passengers, without payment of consumption taxes, at Airports. 2 Tax- term that designates the taxes incurred by passengers during the purchase of products/services at Airports.