As causas dos conflitos entre os pescadores artesanais e a frota industrial na zona costeira de Angoche: um estudo de caso

Abstract

In the coastal region of Angoche, the industrial fleet invades the artisanal fishing area, destroys the artisanal fishing equipment that is in operation there and does not restore the damage caused. Here is the origin of the conflicts between artisanal fishermen and the industrial fleet. The present work intends to identify and analyze the causes behind these conflicts. Violations of fisheries areas have probably existed since industrial fishing was introduced commercially in Mozambique (thus in the late 1960s), but they became an acute conflict from the post-independence period onwards, when it took place. a vertiginous growth of the artisanal, semi-industrial and industrial fishing sub-sectors, but conditions were not created for the reinforcement of the maritime control and inspection network, which in that region of the country continued to depend on the material resources left by the Portuguese. Furthermore, in this same process there was also an imbalance between the growing fishing activity and the fishing legislation, which used the structure elaborated in colonial times until 1988, the year in which the draft Fisheries Law approved in 1990 was elaborated (Law 3/90). Thus, conflicts between artisanal fishermen and the industrial fleet are closely associated with the history of the fishing sector itself, which means that they are, above all, a response to the evolution that the fishing sector has undergone over time. However, conflicts of this type are not a particular case in Mozambique, as they also exist in several other regions of the world (such as Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia, Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire, etc...), where fisheries occupy a prominent place in the national economy. One of the effects of the conflicts is the decrease in catches that has been verified in recent years in terms of artisanal fishing in the coastal area of ​​Angoche, a fact that affects not only fishermen, but also all other members of the community for whom fishing is the most important source of food and income (TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)