Conflito de terra na cidade de Nampula: estudo de caso da área peri-urbana de Muchinha, 1975 à actualidade

Abstract

This paper intends to analyse the land conflict in the period between 1975 and the present. The object of study is the Muchinham peri-urban area in Nampula City, where a land conflict between the resident population and the company ADM-Nampula is taking place. The methodology used consisted of bibliographical reading and fieldwork for a confrontation between the written information and the reality on the ground. Thus, the work consists of two parts, namely, the descriptive part which deals with the general description of the region and the study area in particular. The historical process of the emergence of the Muchinha peri-urban area in the city of Nampula. The analytic part where issues such as land conflict and its causes are discussed, a brief look at the legislation surrounding the land issue and the consequences produced by the land conflict as a way to evaluate its results. Finally the conclusions reached by the work are presented. Thus, the work found that the war has a relationship in this land conflict insofar as it was responsible for the illegal occupation of the land of the ADM-Nampula company, by the displaced population in a first phase. However, it was not only the displaced population which occupied the land in the study area; some migratory movements taking place within the city of Nampula itself also allowed other occupants to appear. It is in the combination of these factors that the Muchinha peri-urban area in Nampula City emerged as an inhabited area. The forms of acquisition that characterised the process, above all the sale and purchase of houses and land, and the presence of sacred places such as cemeteries, partly explain the reluctance of the population to vacate the land. The different systems that guided the conflicting parties in the process of occupying the land are contradictory. The customary conception of land tenure used by the resident population is contrary to the conventional occupation used by the Airport company-owner. These factors are not the only ones, since societies are dynamic, hence they are associated with many other factors that can be presented as the causes of this conflict. Since Aeroportos de Moçambique is a public company and the government has a responsibility to ensure the well-being of the population in general, then there is a space for government intervention in order to definitively resolve this conflict, safeguarding the interests of the parties involved in the conflict.(TRADUÇAO NOSSA)