A Relação entre o trabalho migratório e a agricultura: estudo do caso do Distrito da Moamba 1950-2000

Abstract

The object of study of this paper is to analyse the contribution of migrant migrant to the development of agriculture in Moamba district between 1950 and 2000. The adherence of Southern Mozambicans to migrant labour including those from Moamba dates back to the mid-nineteenth century and was due to several causes. Among them are the economic causes, the issues of expropriation for the institution of colonial settlements, as is the case of the institution of the settlement of Sabiè in Moamba, the impositions of forced labour and the palhota tax. With this departure of male labour, women began to do some activities that were formerly done by men. This situation made the peasants dependent on the earnings sent home by migrant workers. This system of migrant labour led to the modernisation of the agricultural system in Moamba through the introduction of the plough and later tractors. In the period after the proclamation of independence, there is an increase in the wages of migrant workers and in turn there was a reduction in the recruitment of migrant workers. This led to the emergence in Moamba of a small group of commercially oriented farmers due to their wage conditions which increased the level of investment in agriculture, but also placed a significant number of families, without access to migrant labour, without additional resources to agriculture. (TRADUÇAO NOSSA)