Sistema de gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos- o caso da Cidade de Maputo

Abstract

With the advent of industrialization in the 18th century and the consequent demographic explosion caused by the improvement of people's living conditions, we are witnessing a growing urbanization that burdens the environment with the inherent deforestation for the implementation of city infrastructure One of the great problems raised by the new civilization, the so-called consumer societies, has to do with the mass production of solid waste and its disposal in inappropriate places. This happens for several reasons including the lack of spaces for the creation of dumps and the increasing costs involved in the creation and maintenance of infrastructure for solid waste management. Currently, the vast majority of the Mozambican population lives in rural areas and, with the lack of employment, it will be difficult to prevent migration to urban areas, therefore, in the short term, a greater concentration of population in cities and the consequent expansion of these to the surrounding towns is foreseeable. Thus, it is up to the district and municipal governments to face the environmental issue, using the most appropriate management models for the specificities of each region. The issue of solid waste management has become a topic of debate in several areas of knowledge and the emergence of disciplines related to the environment has transformed it from a simple source of debate between politicians and environmentalists to the field of science. One of the factors of growing importance in the study of waste is the large amount of waste generated, varying its production from approximately 0.46 kg/inhabitant/day, in Kano (Nigeria), to 2.27 kg/inhabitant/day, in Chicago (United States) (Brown 1993 cited by Ferreira 2004)(TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)