Diagnóstico da salinidade dos solos no bloco irrigado pelo D11: caso da margem direita do sistema de regadio de Chókwè

Abstract

In order to contribute to the improvement of soil productivity in the block irrigated by SIREMO's D11, this study was carried out, which consisted of collecting soil and water samples in the field, followed by laboratory determinations in the laboratory of FAEF soils and finally the analysis of results. The study had as specific objectives, to diagnose the state of salinity of soils (where it was included the study of fertility), to assess the impact of irrigation water quality on soil properties and to identify strategies to improve these properties. The study consisted of collecting a soil sample in the field, in an area of ​​approximately 1000 ha (right margin of D11). A total of 360 soil samples were collected at depths of 0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm, at a sampling density of 1 drilling per 4 ha (200x200m). It was subsequently determined in the soil laboratory of FAEF the CEe, pH, the level of the main fertility indicators, among other parameters. To identify strategies to improve soil properties, the soil salt balance equation, described by Bolt and Bruggenwert (1976), was used. The results found showed that about 10% to 30% of the soils are saline, increasing their level with depth, and it is concluded that the allocations 50 m'/decade and 60 mm/decade greatly influence the reduction of the salinity level. soil and crop plans do not show these differences. To face this phenomenon, a more detailed study of the state of soil permeability is recommended.