Efeito da produção de tabaco no sistema de produção e na redução da pobreza em Angónia

Abstract

Several authors refer that the introduction of a new technology within a production system causes changes that can have a positive and/or negative impact on the interaction of the various subsystems that compose it. The present work analyzes the effect of the introduction of tobacco culture in the Angónia production system in Tete province. For this purpose, 60 family sector producers were interviewed, 30 of which were tobacco and food crops and 30 were food crops alone. The results of the study show that tobacco producers with relatively larger areas (>2ha) are the ones that show significant improvements in their standard of living. These producers bought livestock, clothes and improved their homes. However, another group characterized by relatively smaller machambas (<2ha), poor money management capacity, show periodic improvements, that is, improvements soon after tobacco marketing and months later, their life returns to the previous level or in some cases worsen their condition. Tobacco production, in addition to providing producers with the aforementioned effects, also contributes to intensive deforestation and the reforestation carried out is not taking place at the same pace. One of the problems that confronts the producers and the Mozambique Leaf Tobacco Company (MLTC), a development company, is the tobacco classification process that harms producers, a situation that is aggravated by the non-functioning of arbitration teams in the markets. Tobacco crop production creates competition with food crops in some resources such as labor. The household subsystem appears as the main and most important in the production system. This subsystem has, on the one hand, a strong interaction with the subsystems, cultures, animals, forest, MLTC and marketing. On the other hand, it has a moderate interaction with the subsystem other activities, namely hunting and the manufacture of traditional drinks. These activities are only practiced by a few families and success depends on several factors. The household has a weak interaction with the subsystem of other organs (eg DD ADR), due to poor assistance provided in the production process.(TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)