A realidade (social) das minas terrestres no Posto Administrativo de Catuane (Distrito de Matutuíne)

Abstract

The problem of landmines is still a scourge in the world today, and in particular in Autral Africa, where Mozambique is located. The different wars fought in Mozambique - especially the civil war in the 1980s - dictated the proliferation of landmines, constituting today, a reality present in many communities in all provinces of the country. The district of Matutuine, where the locality of Catuane is located - the central focus of our study - is the one with the greatest mine problems in terms of suspicious or mined areas, as well as the number of victims, which it maintained as a reason for choosing of the location of our survey. Based on this objective reality of the mines in the administrative post of Catuane, we seek to analyze and understand how these communities live with the embarrassing problem of mines in their daily lives, how they think and interpret this problem (social representations), and, as from then on, they develop as social actors, concrete actions that translate into strategies to face the problem. This work is divided into three main parts; in the first part, we discuss the genesis and the current situation of mines in Mozambique, where we make a brief foray about their emergence, the context of their use and proliferation, as well as the picture of the situation of mines in Matutuine and the administrative post in Catuane . And also here, which we briefly present the location of our research (Catuane). The second part, corresponds to the theoretical framework based on three concepts: the social reality, the communities, and the social representations, as well as we raised our problem and defined our starting question, the objectives and the hypotheses. This part also incorporates the research methodology, where we present what constitutes the analysis model, which served to build the script for free and semi-structured interviews. Bearing in mind that this is a case study, we delimit the field of analysis, the communities in the locality of Catuane, whether they are living with, or living with (and have been removed from) the problem of mines. Likewise, we show the operationalization of the various phases of the research and the procedures for the collection and treatment of the data. In the third part, we present the results of our research. We show the different social representations, built by social actors around landmines, the peripheral effects for communities, the issue of awareness campaigns and how they outline and develop strategies to circumvent the problem of mines in their daily activities. (TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)