Avaliação e selecção de plântulas de mandioca para ambientes de alta pressão de mosaíco e baixa altitude

Abstract

The present work focused on the African cassava mosaic. The disease in reference is a serious problem for the cultivation of cassava because it causes production losses of 20 to 90%, compromising the diet of most of the Mozambican population, which has cassava as one of the main food crops. The overall objective of the study was to evaluate and select cassava seedlings for high-pressure mosaic and low-altitude environments. The specific objectives were to evaluate F1 plants from open pollination, cross-pollination and self-pollination regarding their behavior in low altitude environments; assess the incidence of cassava African mosaic in each family under study; evaluate the characteristics of each family in terms of color, flavor and root dry matter, select the best clones that proceed for clonal evaluation. The trial was set up at the umbeluzi agrarian station, in Maputo, on simple lines. Seeds were sown in rows of 10 meters with a compass of 25 centimeters in the row and 50 centimeters between the rows. The percentage of seedling selection in the trial was 52%. The incidence of the disease in plants from seeds from controlled pollination was low. The Likonde family proved to be more susceptible while the Manhaça x IMM 300025 and TMS 30001 x TMS 30001 families were found to be tolerant to the disease. The yellow color of the pulp was only found in all families from self-crossing and controlled pollination. Some families had a high frequency of dry matter at the root(TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)