Composição florística, dinamismo e produtividade das pastagens do distrito da Namaacha

Abstract

In the period between March and June 2002, 36 floristic inventories were carried out in the goba, changalane and mazeminhama regions, in the district of namaacha, whose objective was (i) to describe the natural pastures from a floristic point of view, (ii) determine the productivity and carrying capacity of the pastures, (iii) study the current condition of the pastures comparing it with their previous condition and, (iv) know the evolution status of the pastures. Once the data were collected, the braun-blanquet method and the jacquard similarity coefficient were used for its analysis. With these methods it was possible to classify the species into categories, to know the current condition of the pastures and their state of evolution. Eight environmental factors were selected, from which erosion, slope and exploitation intensity greatly influence the botanical composition of the natural pastures in those regions. In this study, it was notable, in the floristic spectrum, that the leguminosae and poaceae families are the most representative with 24 and 19 species each, respectively. The most frequent grasses are triandra themeda (91.7%) and panicum maximum (75.0%) and the most frequent woody species are sclerocarya birrea, acacia natalitia, maytenus senegalensis and dichrostachys cinerea Based on the results, it can be concluded, among others, that the mazeminhama, changalane and goba areas have one of the best types of pastures in Mozambique. As it was found that considerable areas of land given to the private sector are not being explored, one of the author's recommendations in this work is the redistribution of these areas to interested ranchers