Análise dos factores que influenciam a formação e funcionamento dos grupos de camponeses baseados na ajuda mútua em Mugaveia, distrito de Guruè

Abstract

The present work is the result of a study carried out in the locality of Mugaveia in the administrative post of Mepuagiua in the district of Guruè in the province of Zambézia in Mozambique since May 2001, as a prerequisite for obtaining a degree in agronomic engineering (Rural Extension) at the Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry Engineering at Eduardo Mondlane University in Mozambique. The carrying out of the study in Mugaveia was at the request of the managers of the Zambézia Agricultural Development Program (ZADP) a World Vision project. The work falls within the scope of research on the factors behind the malfunctioning of groups of peasants formed for the joint breeding of animals in Mugaveia. The study looks at the factors that positively and negatively influence the strategies of peasant groups based on mutual aid used in Mugaveia. The study is the result of bibliographical research and fieldwork, which consisted of semi-structured interviews, informal conversations and simple direct observations. The results show that 11 (eleven) types of strategies based on mutual aid are used by peasants in Mugaveia, of which 3 (three) are the most used (Mpuha, Okaviheryana and Olimiha), 4 (four) best known and little used (Gain-gain, Winnheryana, Opolehana and Narnuri) and other 4 (four) little known (Ophuanhihana, Ovaheryana, Ottheka and Ikarari). Strategies are generally group (mutual aid groups) and may rarely be individual. Strategies of a group nature (the self-help groups) work on the basis of affinity, mutual trust or a relationship of familiarity, friendship and neighborhood. The malfunctioning of the groups of groups formed by World Vision technicians is related to the technique used for the formation of the groups, since, in the selection of the group elements, the social, economic and cultural factors of the population in the zone