Influência da migração para a Àfrica do sul no desenvolvimento sócio-económico e nas características demográficas do distrito de Massinga

Abstract

Migration to South Africa is one of the main characteristics of the general dynamics of the population in the southern region of Mozambique, where the district of Massinga has been occupying a prominent place at the country level. From the results of the field research, it was found that around 33% of the surveyed households had, at the time of the survey, some relatives working in South Africa. This migration mostly involves the economically active population. The present work aims to analyze the influence of this migratory dynamic to South Africa on the socio-economic development and demographic characteristics of the Massinga district. In order to achieve this objective, fieldwork was used, based on a survey of households in the study area, in March 2001, involving a sample of 380 households. In addition, the literature review allowed for a general theoretical approach to migration. From the analysis of the field research data, the following conclusions were reached: migration to South Africa, in Massinga, mainly involves the male population aged between 20 and 29 years, married and with a low educational level. In the group of main sources of income, migration to South Africa ranks 2nd in order of importance. She contributes to the economic development of the district, participating directly in the areas of transport, trade and agriculture. In the social area, migration to South Africa contributes to the increase in the crime rate in Massinga district, particularly with regard to domestic violence and prostitution. ( TRADUÇAO NOSSA )