Participação comunitária na gestão da Reserva do Niassa: uma contribuição para a análise espacial

Abstract

"Community Participation in the Management of the Niassa Reserve: A Contribution to Special Analysis" is the title of this work for obtaining the Degree in Geography at the Eduardo Mondlane University. Community management is one of the strategies to develop the communities residing in the It results from the failure of conventional policies that defended the exclusion of the rural population from the use of resources and participation in local development initiatives (fortress conservation). the integration of local communities in the planning, decision-making and use of natural resources.The Niassa Reserve is located in Niassa Province and has an area of ​​22,000 km2.Agriculture is the main activity of the population and is based on a system shifting slash and burn agriculture; hunting, honey collection, fishing and (informal) trade are the secondary ones. The systems and management of resources, the imperfections of the local market contribute to the changes that take place in the local landscape, such as the polyferation of new plant formations and soil erosion in marginal areas. The implementation of the Niassa Reserve management and development plan led to the installation of electric anti-elephant fences, the creation of an area for multiple use of Anturasi resources, a buffer zone and the introduction of a project focused on beekeeping to diversify the community's sources of income. These areas are for community and private investment.