Estudo da germinação e emergência de plântulas de diferentes variedades de vigna unguiculata (l.) walp. em laboratório e campo

Abstract

The aim of studying the germination of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. was to clarify and establish the relationship between laboratory and field germination and the effect of two fungicides on field germination. In this study, seeds of six commercial and ten experimental varieties were used. The germination tests were carried out in the laboratory of the National Seed Service (SNS) in Maputo, following the standards of the International Seed Testing Association (ISTA), while the three field tests were carried out at the Estação Agrária do Umbeluzi, during the 1991-1992 campaign. In the laboratory, the germination percentage was determined by the sum of normal seedlings and hard seeds, while in the field, the counting was done at 20 and 12 days after sowing for the comparison test between germination in laboratory and field and for the effect of fungicides on germination, respectively. In field trials, the experimental design adopted was randomized complete blocks with four replications. To study the effect of fungicides on germination, first part of the seeds were treated with the fungicides Benlate and Mancozeb, at a dose of 0.5% each for the weight of two hundred seeds, before sowing in the field. The results obtained showed that the values ​​of germination in the laboratory are not always reflected in the field, the analysis of variance indicated that the studied varieties had a highly significant effect at the 5% probability level, in all the tests performed. It was also verified that the commercial varieties show themselves in general with approximately equal germination values ​​in the laboratory and in the field, contrary to the majority of the experimental varieties that showed different values ​​in the two germination sites. On the other hand, there was also a great interaction between variety and germination site in most of the cases studied. The fungicides Benlate and Mancozeb were effective since with the fungicide treatment the seeds showed an increase in germination of about 25-30%. (TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)