Mapeamento da bilharziose urinária na província de Maputo utilizando método standard do questionário desenvolvido pela O.M.S.

Abstract

This work aimed to assess the situation of urinary bruising in all districts of the province of Maputo, Mozambique using the questionnaire developed by the WHO. 184 schools were involved and 23534 students aged between 7 and 19 were interviewed. The return rate for the questionnaires was 92.0% in 9 weeks. Of the students interviewed, 2623 (11.1%) responded positively to the question “urine with blood” and 2314 (10.5%) responded positively to the question “having Billiards”. In relation to each district, there was a slight difference in the answers to the question “urine with blood” and “having Billiards” with a higher percentage in the district of Namaacha with 24.2% and 23.5% respectively and a lower percentage for the question “ urine with blood”, in the district of Matola with 6.7% and 6.4% for the question “having Billiards” in the district of Moamba. Regarding gender, the question “urine with blood” and “having schistosomiasis” did not show statistically significant differences, for a 95% confidence interval (X2 =3.492, p = 0.062 and X2 =1.999, p = 0.158, respectively) . The most frequently reported symptoms and illnesses were headache, stomach ache, cough, fever, abdominal pain, malaria, diarrhea and eye pain. For the validation of the questionnaire results, 494 urine samples were collected, from 10 am to 2 pm, from the students who answered the questionnaire. The results of the validation phase showed a prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium infection of 30.2%. The prevalence of infection did not show statistically significant differences in relation to sex, for a 95% confidence interval (X2= 0.003, p = 0.957). The same happens in relation to the age group (X2= 4,148, p = 0.126). Once the questionnaires were validated through the parasitological examination, it was observed that the questionnaire method works well. Most students (85.7%) who had hematuria also had Schistosoma haematobium eggs. The questionnaire method was able to reduce the time needed for diagnosis and provided valuable information on biomedical aspects of disease perception. (TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)