Avaliação dos índices de infecção parasitária por schistosomíases nos Bairros do Jardim - Cidade de Maputo e da Machava-Sede - Cidade da Matola

Abstract

Schistosomiasis (or Bilharziasis) is a disease produced by trematode helminths of the genus Schistosoma whose main etiological agents for humans are the species Schistosoma mansoni, S. haematobium, S. japonicum and 5. intercalation. In Mozambique, only S. mansoni and S. haematobium species occur. It is also one of the most prevalent diseases transmitted through freshwater snails, particularly in rural areas of developing countries and with great risk to the health of the population. In many cases of Schistosomiasis, complications involve pathological changes in the intestinal and urinary tracts, renal systems and others. The World Health Organization currently estimates that 200 to 300 million people are infected with one or more of these species. This study aims to evaluate the infection rates by S. mansoni and S. haematobium in a sample of populations living in the neighborhoods of Jardim (Maputo City) and Machava-Sede (Municipality of Matola City). Fecal and urinary samples were collected directly in the neighborhoods, from 91 asymptomatic individuals, between 3 and 58 years of age of both sexes. For the laboratory examination, the techniques of Sedimentation by Centrifugation (fecal samples) and Filtration (urinary samples) were used. Results were recorded as positive (+) - indicating the presence of 1 or more eggs in the microscopic field - or negative (-) - indicating the absence of eggs in the microscopic field. The analysis of the results demonstrates that there are no statistically significant differences in the populations of the two neighborhoods under equal circumstances. We also analyze, although not in statistical terms, other tables such as those related to parasitemia in the individuals studied, by sex and age group, as well as the presence of other intestinal parasites