Estudo da ictiofauna coralina e pesqueira no distrito de Mecúfi, Cabo Delgado

Abstract

The majority of the population of Cabo Delgado province fishes on coral reefs. This work is dedicated to the study of the coraffin (Zn situ) and fishery ichthyofauna in the district of Mecúfi. For the study of coralline ichthyfauna, 'Reef watch transect' visual census (Lawrence et al 1989 and Letoumeur, 1996) was performed through breath-hold diving. At the fishing centers, samples were taken from 135 boats, of which 100 were hand-lined and 35 were harpoon vessels. In the visual ictioiógio censuses 6 samples were taken in 180 minutes and observed £7 species distributed in 21 families. There was greater abundance and diversity of species in the Pomacentridae, Acanthuridae and Labridae and in particular the species Chromis dimtâatus? were more abundant: Abudefduf sexfesciatus and abudefduf sparoittes. From the fishery observations, 154 species were identified, distributed in 32 families. There was greater diversity, species belonging to the families Acanthuridae, Labridae, Serranidae, Lethrinidae and Scorpaenidae. There was greater abundance in the species of the families.Siganidae, Lethriniáae, Acanthuridae and Labridae, being the species Siganus sutor, Acanthutus triostegus, LuÇanus kasmira, Lethrinus fenÇam and Panrpeneus barbèrinus the most abundant species. There were no significant differences in harpoon and line caught species, as well as in harpoon fish species and observed in corals, but there were differences between fish caught in line and observed in corals. Per harpoon boat there is, on average, a greater number of fishermen (2) than the line boat (1) but fewer gears per fisherman (1) in relation to the line (2) and also less fishing time (5.15 h ) in relation to hand line art (6.02h).

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). The catch by hand boat was lower (2,474 kg) compared to harpoon gear (7,492 kg). The average catch per harpoon fisherman was also higher (3,216 kg) in relation to the harpoon art (2,331 kg). The average catch per gear was higher in the harpoon fishery (3,216 kg) and lower in the line fishery (1,292 kg). Harpoon catch per hour was also higher (1,761 kg) compared to line art (0.46 kg). During this study period, there was greater exploitation of typical coral fish (56%), followed by predatory (38%) and pelagic or demersal fish not considered coralline (6%). The greatest number of individuals was caught by harpoon fishing, but the harpoon caught fish of greater weight. Predatory fish were mostly caught by hand-line art. In pelagic and demersal fish, harpoon art was more explored. There is a significant difference in the lengths captured from the hand and harpoon line. The harpoon captures larger individuals