Análise do crescimento da população da Cidade de Maputo, 1970-2000

Abstract

The present work of a degree in Geography focuses on the problem of population growth in the city of Maputo between 1970 and 2000. The main objective is to understand this dynamic through the analysis of demographic phenomena such as birth, mortality and migration. This study was fundamentally based on bibliography and data from population censuses from 1970, 1980 and 1997. Indicators analyzed include: gross birth and death rates; the overall and general fertility rates; specific fertility and mortality rates; infant mortality rates, natural growth, immigration and population growth. Three moments (Chapter III) constitute the main support of this work: 1) analysis of the population structure and the evolution of social conditions (housing, water supply, sanitary service, academic level), which allowed a better understanding of the population dynamics. of the city; 2) study of each growth factor of the city's population in isolation, which allowed us to observe its relevance in the process of demographic growth; 3) analysis of global population growth, which facilitated the identification of different periods of growth. The main conclusions of this work are: a) the population of the city of Maputo has grown at an accelerated pace in the last 30 years; b) this growth took place in two distinct periods: one (1970-1980), characterized by a sharp increase in population, and the other (1980-2000), marked by a slowdown in growth rates; c) the available data are insufficient to assess the contribution of migration and the redefinition of the territorial limits of the city to population growth; nevertheless, it seems evident that natural growth was the most decisive factor for the rapid population growth that took place in that period, d) in the last two decades, there has been a gradual fall in fertility and immigration levels, that is, there is a trend towards slowing population growth.(TRADUÇÁO NOSSA)