Distribuição, composição específica e rendimento da pesca artesanal na baía Sul da Inhaca e a sua importância na dieta da população

Abstract

The study of artisanal fishing was carried out from December 1996 to February 1997 and aimed to study the distribution, specific composition, and income of artisanal fishing in the southern bay of Inhaca and the importance of fish in the population's diet. Samples were collected daily via boat trips on a regular route between Ponta Ponduíne, Ponta Torres and Saco da Inhaca. The identification of species and weighing of catches obtained in different fishing gears, substrate and tides was carried out. Samples to verify the importance of fish in the population's diet were collected from 22 families by weighing fish and other products consumed by the family. Six fishing gears were observed (line, boat trawl, hand trawl, gill net, cage and javelin), with the line fishing having the highest number of observations. As for the distribution of fishing gear by substrate, the substrates of Zostera and Thafassia are the most exploited by all fishing gears. The line fishery recorded the highest number of observations during spring tide and the hand trawl, boat trawl and gill fishery recorded the highest number at low tide. The low tide registered a greater number of observations of the line fishery. Hand and boat trawling registered the greatest number during low and high tide. 1508 individuals belonging to 41 species were observed. The boat trawl fishery and the Canal substrate had the highest number of species. In the Canal and "Without vegetation" substrates, more species were captured in the spring tide. The substrates of Zostera and Thalassia at low tide were the substrates where the greatest number of species was captured. The substrates Canal and "Without vegetation" had the highest number of species in the low spring tide. A greater number of species were captured during the flood ebb in the Zostera substrate. In the Thalassia substrate, the greatest number of species was obtained during the low ebb tide. In Zostera substrate and at low tide there was a higher yield with 13028 grams and 15460 g per fisherman, respectively. The most abundant species were: Crenidens crenidens, Gerres acinaces, Liza macrolepsis, Mugil cephaius and Rhabdosargus thorpei with 60% of the total number and 70% of the total weight. Regarding the importance of fish in the population's diet, it contributes 55.7% of weight, 23% of proteins and 23% of kilocalories.