Estudo da possibilidade da reutilização da água de lavagem de filtros da estação de tratamento de água do Umbeluzi com uso de coagulantes Moringa e Quiabo

Abstract

In the water industry, raw water (AB) receives chemical products and through operations and processes turns into treated water. As in the entire industrial process of water treatment there is also a high consumption of water resources in the cleaning and washing decanters and filters, generating a volume of waste. O continuous growth in water consumption and increased degradation of bodies are factors that decisively influence the stations of Water Treatment (ETA's). The drop in the quality of the AB to be treated implies greater consumption of chemical products and consequently greater production of waste subject to treatment and disposal in an appropriate place. This report is the product of a three-month work internship at ETA of Umbeluzi which is made up of three ETA's, enriched with professional experience and carrying out laboratory tests related to the topic. The samples were collected at the ETA 1, in July 2015. For the study, the following were determined parameters: pH, turbidity, TDS, alkalinity, hardness, calcium, magnesium, chlorides, matter organic and total and faecal coliforms. Emphasize that turbidity and coliforms were determined before and the rest of the parameters were determined after the treatment with coagulants. In the analyzed samples a level of turbidity and coliforms very high. The chemical coagulant that is used in ETA (aluminum sulfate) has the ecological problems, non-biodegradable sludge production. for this reason at work extracts of natural coagulants prepared on the basis of seeds were tested. Moringa and Okra with a variation of 2 - 12 and 4 - 24 mg/L to reduce turbidity of the water samples under study. On the basis of the "Jar Test" there was a lowering of turbidity in the analyzed samples (179 to 7.22 NTU), and significant reduction in coliforms. In the present work was done also comparing the turbidity removal efficiency of both coagulants in the treatment of ALF. According to the efficiency calculations it was found that the MS showed an average of 95% removal against 89% of EQ in the range of 2mg/L - 12 mg/L; for a variation of 4mg/L – 24 mg/L, it presented 97% removal against 93%. You results show that both the EM extract and the EQ are presented as coagulants efficient in the treatment of ALF. (TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)